- Whitlow Elementary
- Communication Development
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Communication Development
0-3 monthsstartled by loud noise
undifferentiated cry (0-1 month)
turns head toward speaker
produces throaty sounds and vowels
differentiated cry for pain, hunger, tired
3-6 months
looks directly at speaker
vocalizes in response to speaker
vocalizes pleasure and pain
initiated vocal play: coos, chuckles, gurgles, and laughs
pitch and intonation vary
6-9 months
imitates familiar sounds
comprehends parental gestures
looks at objects, family members and pictures when named
stops behavior when told “no”
babbles /m/, /n/, /t/, /d/, /b/, /p/, /z/
vocalizes to another person
vocalizes differently for hunger, anger, contentment
9-12 months
begins to relate names and objects
gives objects on request
claps hands and waves on command
articulates most speech sounds
gestures/vocalizes wants and needs
directs others physically: pats, pulls, pushes, tugs
12-18 months
points to 1-3 body parts when asked
points to objects when named
responds vocally to “wh” questions
acknowledges others speech by eye contact, speech, or repetition of the word said
uses sentence-like intonation (jargon)
imitates some words
uses single words: says 3-20 words
protests by saying “no”, shaking head, moving away or frowning
uses ritual words “hi” or “bye”
points to wanted object
says “all gone” and asks for “more”
teases, scolds, warns using gestures and vocalizations
18-24 months
understands approximately 300 words
responds to the directions “in” and “on”
listens as pictures are named word said
points to 5 body parts
responds to yes/no questions by shaking or nodding head
produces words with consonant/ vowel/consonant
says 50 words
combines words to make 2 word phrases
mean sentence length 1.8 words
names familiar objects and vocalizations
uses commands (e.g. more), possessives (e.g. mine), reactions (e.g. owee)
24-30 months
understands approximately 500 words
follows simple directions (“sit here, “bring it to me”
follows a series of two related commands (“Pick up the ball and give it to me”)
may omit some final consonants or substitute one consonant for another
says 200 words
mean sentence length – 3.1 words
answers “what” & “where” questions (“What do you hear with?”)
uses some regular plurals
asks basic questions ( “Daddy gone?”)
30-36 months
understands approximately 900 words
points to pictures of common objects described by their use (“Show me what you eat with”)
knows ”big/little”
knows third person pronouns (he, she
articulates /p/, /m/, /n/,/w/,/h/
says 500 words
mean sentence length 3.4 words
asks simple “what” & “where” questions
refers to self by own name
uses pronouns (I, me, my, mine)
36-42 months
understands approximately 1200 words
responds to two unrelated commands (“Put your cup on the table and turn on the TV.”)
knows “in front of” and “behind”
uses final consonants most of the time
says 800 words
mean sentence length = 4.3 words
uses regular past tense forms
beginning of questions – asking stage using “what”, “who”, “why”, and “how” many”
42-48 months
understands 1500-2000 words
tells how common objects are used
mean sentence length = 4.4 words
responds to three commands (”Pick up the spoon, put it in the cup, and bring it to me)
articulates /b/, /d/, /k/, /g/, /f/,
says 1000 words
does simple verbal analogies (Daddy is a man, mommy is a _________.)
48-54 months
understands 2000-2500 words
knows “between”, “above”, “below”, “top” & “bottom”
few consonant omissions or substitutions
says 1500 words
mean sentence length = 4.6 words
uses possessives consistently (boy’s, cat’s)
uses irregular plurals consistently (child/children)
54-60 months
understands 2500-2800 words
knows “heavy/light”, “loud/soft”, “like/unlike”, “long/short”
misarticulates a few difficult blends
says 2000 words
mean sentence length = 5.7 words
generates complex sentences (We went to the store and bought milk.)
uses contractions (I’ll, can’t)
tells familiar stories without picture cues
60-72 months
understands 13,000 words
understands “yesterday/tomorrow”, “more/less”, some/many”, "now/later”,“several/few”, “most/least”, “before/after”
articulates /th/,/ing/,/r/, /l/
mean sentence length = 6.6 words
understands the opposite of (the opposite of hot is _________.)
states similarities and differences between objects
uses superlative “est” (biggest, tallest)
uses all pronouns consistently
72-84 months
understands 20,000-26,000 words
is aware of mistakes in other people’s speech
understands roughly the difference in time intervals
understands the seasons of the year and what you do in each.
articulates voiceless /th/, /sh/, /ch/, /j/
mean sentence length = 7.3 words
uses mild slang and mild profanity
uses irregular comparatives correctly (good, better, best)
uses passive voice